Analytical study of the sensitivity of Rayleigh wave for the non-destructive evaluation of cover-concrete
نویسندگان
چکیده
We are concerned by the design of a non destructive ultrasonic method quantifying porosity of cover concrete. Modification of porosity is a major cause of reinforcing bar corrosion that induces bar swelling and macro-cracks which may cause the ruin of the structure. It is then necessary to characterize the porosity in the first cm above the steel bars. For surface measurements the most energetic mode is the Rayleigh wave whose investigation depth is around a half wavelength. A large spectrum, with frequency between 50 kHz and 600 kHz, is used in order to obtain a porosity depth profile of the concrete cover. We consider the concrete as a two phases media composed of aggregates with various radii embedded in a homogeneous mortar. The porosity of mortar is modeled through wave damping.For strongly heterogeneous media, the wave field can be analyzed as the superposition of a coherent part and an incoherent part. Here we focused on the coherent field by using dynamical homogenization theories. The model is coupled to dispersion relation of Rayleigh waves in order to depict the behavior of coherent surface waves. This model allows us to evaluate the sensitivity of surface waves to a variations of mortar properties such as an increase of its porosity. Résumé Nous nous intéressons au design d'une méthode non destructive ultrasonore permettant de quantifier le taux de porosité dans le béton de peau. La modification de la porosité est une des causes majeures de la corrosion des aciers passifs entraînant un gonflement des armatures et l'apparition de macro fissures et réduisant par là la durée de vie de la structure. Il est donc nécessaire de caractériser la porosité sur les premiers centimètres au dessus des barres de renforcement. Dans la cadre de mesures de surface, le mode le plus énergétique est l'onde de Rayleigh dont la profondeur de pénétration est de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde. Nous utilisons un large spectres (entre 50 et 600 kHz) afin de pouvoir accéder à un profil de porosité dans le béton de peau. Nous considérons le béton comme un milieu à deux phases composé de granulats agrégats de divers rayons noyés dans un mortier homogène. La porosité dans le mortier est prise en compte à travers un terme d'amortissement de l'onde. Pour des milieux très hétérogènes, le champ peut être interprété comme la superposition d'une onde cohérente et d'une onde incohérente. Ici, nous nous concentrons sur la composante cohérente en exploitant des modèles d'homogénéisation dynamique. Le modèle est couplé à la relation de dispersion des ondes de Rayleigh afin de décrire le comportement des ondes de surfaces. Ce modèle nous permet d'évaluer la sensibilité des ondes de surfaces vis-à-vis d'une variation des propriétés du mortier, telles qu'une augmentation de sa porosité..
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